Monthly weather report by Government of Iraq Ministry of Communications. In Erbil, Iraq, the average high-temperature declines considerably, from a moderately hot 28.9C (84F) in October, to an enjoyable 19.5C (67.1F). AccuWeather forecasters say unseasonably hot conditions began to build across the region over the weekend, but Monday ushered in the peak of brutal heat for many residents. What was the hottest temperature in Iraq in 2003? We use ISD data to complement and backfill for our METAR archive. Iran's previous . Im having a hard time imagining where people are getting 140 degree measurements from. Temperatures skyrocketed across portions of Iraq, Iran and Kuwait early this week as a sizzling mass of air set up shop over the Middle East. Hottest temperature for the . The best time and weather to travel to Iraq 2022. Iraq weather averages for holidays in 2022/2023. Why did the United States go to war with Iraq? Is the heat index in Iraq really 130 degrees? The records of 34.1C (29.4F) of Clot del Tuc de la Llana, Catalonia, and 35.4C (31.7F) of Vega de Liordes, Len, both registered in January 2021, are not recognized by AEMET. 2016-01-22 12:30:46. The hottest conditions in the next four days will probably occur halfway between Baghdad and Basra, said meteorologists at a private forecasting company, Accuweather.com. The fact that it is not official is little comfort. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Many weather records are measured under specific conditionssuch as surface temperature and wind speedto keep consistency among measurements around the Earth. What are the side effects of Thiazolidnedions. At those temperatures, military rules also call for 20-minute shifts and 40-minute breaks for even moderate work. Yesterday, John McCain told supporters in Iowa that U.S. soldiers are carrying 40 pounds of body armor in 130-degree temperatures. Run a quick Google News search, and youll find numerous references to Iraqs sweltering 130-degree weather. With high pressure, the air sinks and warms, and it's keeping the already hot air at the surface in place. The same goes for the nylon and cotton suits designed to protect against chemical or biological attack. A A. Scorching heat has put temperatures as high as 165 degrees in the Middle East, as a "heat dome" passes its way through the region. I was going to respond that the Wikipedia list was wrong, with the highest temperature recorded having been in Libya, but a quick Google to confirm it found that the record was overturned last Fall. . 18.51" Temperatures in July and August, on . Command posts sometimes place thermometers on their outside walls or other locations within their encampments, but these thermometers are also cheap and unscientific; one solider described them as the kind of thing youd pick up from Wal-Mart or see in someones garden. They were afraid Iraq would use the nuclear weapons on other countries. The heat affects equipment, too. But some military officials and experts said the dry heat would raise the risks of heat-related illness, both on the front lines and in areas where troops do heavy work, or repair aircraft on a hot tarmac. Iraq's state-run Meteorological Department said on Saturday that it had registered the hottest day so far this year, with maximum temperatures hitting 53.9 degrees Celsius (129.02 Fahrenheit) in . Iran's previous high temperature was 127.4 degrees. Its in the Philadelphia Daily News, the Providence Journal, the Tucson Citizen, Wired, and even on military blogs. I believe that if it wasnt in the middle of a city, the temperature would have been lower. We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader. Soldiers and travelers often measure the temperature with personal thermometers, which tend to give inaccurate readings. Here are some other high temperatures recorded across the region on July 21. The Northern city of Nuwaiseeb also recorded a . Some troops advancing toward Baghdad have been ordered to wear protective suits over their uniforms. But environment and type of work being performed? "The flak jackets hold in heat and can present a dangerous situation if a guy isn't properly hydrated or spends too much time in the sun, " says Capt. Never saw it. Whats 50 C like? Fig. Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database . He wears a watch that gives him the temperature as well as the time, something of a mixed blessing. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight. . It is a shame that people will post something with nothing but a internet search backing there statement. Last month Jacobabad became the hottest city on Earth. Not at all, but you cant count them for record purposes. On 22 July 2016, the hottest temperature in Iraq was recorded in the town of Basra at 53.9 C (129.0 F), which makes Iraq one of the hottest countries on Earth. Iraq is a southwestern Asian country well-known for its historical Mesopotamia region where the world's earliest cities were built. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. - If you wish to link to this page, you can do so by referring to the URL address below. Powered by Discourse, best viewed with JavaScript enabled, Highest Termperature Ever Recorded In Iraq. What countries were involved in the Iraq War? Baghdad averages around 110 degrees F. during the mid summer. In the lowlands there are two seasons, summer and winter, with short transitional periods between them. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight. In this Tuesday, March 31, 2015 file photo, an elderly Indian woman cooks using firewood at her home at Gobhali village on the outskirts of Gauhati, India. With temperatures in Iraq soaring up to 50 degrees Celsius [122 degrees Fahrenheit] in recent weeks, the ILO in Iraq is calling on its tripartite partners - the government, employers' and workers' organizations . There may be some other areas in Iraq that get a little warmer than Baghdad, but it would only be by 2 or 3 degrees at most. Satellite measurements of ground temperature taken between 2003 and 2009, . With sizzling temperatures claiming more than 300 lives this month in India, officials said Friday they were banning daytime cooking in some parts of the drought-stricken country in a bid to prevent accidental fires that have killed nearly 80 more people. The cool season lasts for 3.4 months, from November 23 to March 5, with an average daily high temperature below 71F. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Hot, dry desert winds can be very strong sometimes, and can cause violent sandstorms. If you are unlucky enough to find yourself on a subway platform Thursday, you will be in one of the hottest spots in our sweltering city. This coincided with the presence of high altitude air and heat mass affect the east of the Arabian Peninsula and Iraq. And it has felt as hot as 159 . Under conditions like those in the forecasts, a soldier can sweat a pint an hour, and troops are told to drink a quart of water every hour or so. The hourly observed weather, color coded by category (in order of severity). 100 inches of snow may have clobbered Italy in 18 hours, review pending", "World: Maximum Surface Wind Gust (3-Second)", "Info note No.58 World Record Wind Gust: 408km/h", "A 39 aos del tornado en San Justo, el nico F5 en toda Sudamrica y Latinoamrica", "Catastrophic Landfall Expected in Mexico Friday; Patricia Becomes Strongest Hurricane Ever Recorded", A Reanalysis of the 193143 Atlantic Hurricane Database, "Southwest Pacific Enhanced Archive for Tropical Cyclones (SPEArTC)", "Record Setting Hail Event in Vivian, South Dakota on July23, 2010", "Largest Hailstone in U.S. History Found", "World record 477-mile-long lightning 'megaflash' confirmed over U.S.", "Blazing World Record: Strongest UV Rays Measured in South America", "World: Highest Sea Level Air Pressure Above 750 meters", "World: Highest Sea Level Air Pressure Below 750 meters", Weather and Climate Extremes from US Army Corps of Engineers, Fdration Aronautique Internationale records, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_weather_records&oldid=1134192386, Articles with Latvian-language sources (lv), Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations, Articles with image file bare URLs for citations, Short description is different from Wikidata, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Automated Weather Station D-80 (coordinates: 706'S, 13453'W, elevation: 2,500 metres (8,202ft)), Jordan University Agriculture Research Center, This page was last edited on 17 January 2023, at 12:40. 116F With a 0.36% Humidity in Iran", "Heat Records Falling Around the World in 2018", "Death Valley Sets New Global Record for Hottest Single Month", "Death Valley just experienced the hottest month ever recorded on Earth", "WMO verifies -69.6C Greenland temperature as Northern hemisphere record", "A small town in Siberia has likely broken the Arctic high temperature record", "Arctic Temperatures Hit Record High in Russia Amid Heat Wave", "Iranian city soars to record 129 degrees: Near hottest on Earth in modern measurements", "Iran city hits suffocating heat index of 165 degrees, near world record", "Lesotho National report on climate change", "WMO Region I (Africa): Lowest Temperature", "New minimum temperature record for South Africa", "Canarias a 15 grados bajo cero: las inslitas cifras del histrico temporal", "New absolute minimum of air temperature", "Cambodia Sees Record Low Temperatures Reach Record Lows History", "Pagi Ini Suhu Dieng Mencapai Minus 9 Derajat Celsius, Embun Es Muncul sejak Malam", " / 71 46 ", "Golan sees record low temperatures during storm", "Weather Data: Kuwait, Salmy, 2009, January", "High of 40C, low of 13C in Yangon for 2003", "Northern Hemisphere: Lowest Temperature", "TEMPERATURE COMPARISON BETWEEN SOME ALPINE DOLINES IN WINTER TIME", "KMI (Belgian Royal Meteorological Institute) site", "Interview with the Federal Hydrometeorological Institute of BiH", "Najnie izmjerene temperature zraka u Hrvatskoj za razdoblje od kada postoje mjerenja", " ! I saw a car thermometer measure 128 in Kuwait once, and nothing higher than around 123 in Iraq. Like others pointed out, there are specific ways to measure the official temperature, and just being in the shade is not enough. I live in the desert south of Abu Dhabi and was here through most of the Summer last year. The heat had become so scorching on Thursday that the Iraqi government mandated a four-day holiday. The heat had become so scorching on Thursday that the Iraqi government mandated a four-day holiday. That's tied with the highest temperature ever recorded in the country. Conoce los rcords de fro en Chile", Con 1,2 grados bajo cero en Asuncin, la ola polar lleg para quedarse, Programa de Capacitacin Para la Estimacin del Riesgo, "State Climate Extremes Committee (SCEC): Records by State", "New record for New Zealand's coldest day", "Rennell record lowest temperature - Ministry of Environment, Climate Change and Disaster Management", "*Impressive cold in Greenland and near record accumulations of snow and ice", http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/54387.pdf, https://turizm-puteshestvuem.ru/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/puteshestvie-na-polyus-xoloda-v-severnom-polusharii-pamyatnaya-tablichka.jpg, " . A 2007 Air Force Weather Agency report on Iraqs summer weather also marks the record at 124 degrees, with mean highs for July and August at 110 degrees. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest). A reading of 50.1C (122.2F) in Vioolsdrif on 28 November 2019 was declared invalid by the South African Weather Service. The hottest month of the year in Baghdad is July, with an average high of 112F and low of 82F. Many confuse heat index with official temperatures. "That was one of the most incredible temperature observations I have ever seen and it is one of the most extreme readings ever in the world," AccuWeather meteorologist Anthony Saglia told The Telegraph of . Iraq's moment in the football sun. Regional authorities reported the reading, which needs to be verified by the . Tbilisi . After years of devastation, it feels good to see Iraq celebrated internationally as the host of the Arabian Gulf Cup. A reading of 20.75C (69.35F) on Seymour Island station operated by the Brazilian Polar science research team on 9 February 2020 was invalidated by the World Meteorological Organization owing to the reading being conducted in non-standard conditions. [13] There have been other unconfirmed reports of high temperatures, but these temperatures have never been officially validated by national weather services/WMO, and are currently considered to have been recorder's errors,[16] thus not being recognised as world records. Rutbah. It is reported by local news outlet that temperatures. The United States and the world has a duty to disarm a rogue nation like Iraq. In central Iraq, the heat in the past few days has hovered at around 120 to 130 degrees Fahrenheit. But on Tuesday, the temperature climbed even higher. Many of these guys are wearing body armor inside of a vehicle with no AC in direct sunlight. July, like June, is an extremely hot summer month in Baghdad, Iraq, with an average temperature varying between 44C (111.2F) and 26C (78.8F). Roughly 90 percent of the annual rainfall occurs between November and April, most of it in the winter months from December through March. Knowing how hot it is somehow makes you feel even hotter. The best way to describe the heat wave that hits you when getting off the plane is when you open the oven door to check on something baking and the wave of hot air hits your face drying out your eyes and making you squinted. Select a city to see its average temperature, precipitation and hours of sunshine over the year. Daily Temperatures can be very hot; on some days temperatures can reach easily 45C or more, especially in the Iraqi desert areas which causes a danger of heat exhaustion. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. The war in Iraq started because the American and British governments thought that Iraq had dangerous weapons of mass destruction. In neighbouring Iraq, temperatures reached 51.6C (124.8F) on July 1, 2021, with Omidiyeh, Iran, not far behind with a maximum temperature of 51C (123.8F) recorded so far. BABYLON, Iraq, June 21, 2003 — . Death Valley currently holds the record for the world's hottest temperature of 134.1 degrees (56.7 Celsius), set July 10, 1913. . As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. E As Desert Nomad points out, shade temperature = / = OH MY GOD THIS SEATBELT IS BURNING MY NIPPLE. Helicopters also fly less efficiently in hot air, which is less dense that cooler air. A senior logistics officer at Central Command in Kuwait said troops had been using about four gallons of water each a day until now for drinking and washing. Highest temperature: 35.9 C in Odense, 25 June 2006 and Abed, 20 July 2022. These measurements reflect averages over a large region and so are lower than the maximum point surface temperature. This page includes a chart with historical data for Iraq Average Temperature. Officially, he said the temperature was 53.7 degrees Celsius, which is 128.7 degrees Fahrenheit. Located in West Africa, Mali actually shares borders with both Burkina Faso and Senegal, which follow it on the list. Because sitting in body armour inside of a sweltering vehicle, you can get arbitrarily hot. Such reports are used by pilots, air traffic controllers, meteorologists, climatologists, and other researchers. Kirkuk Air Base Temperature History 2003. ", "World's greatest 1-minute Precipitation Record", "Avaliao da Precipitao Extrema na Ilha da Madeira", "Extreme Weather: World-Record Rainfalls During Tropical Cyclone Gamede", "Where It Rained for 331 Days in a Row in the U.S.", "World record? List of Meteorological Stations in Iraq. Tanks and armored personnel carriers are like ovens inside. The temperature never breaks 130 degrees, according to official climate records. By that hour, his men were permitted to jog around their compound a former Ba'athist Party Headquarters or even do a few pushups, as long as they drank gallons of water. Weather in November December, the first month of the winter, in Erbil, is still a mild month, with temperature in the range of an average high of 13.8C (56.8F) and an average low of 7.5 . Because Iraq is predominantly made up of desert, the monthly average temperatures in Iraq range from higher than 48 degrees Celsius (120 Fahrenheit) in July and August to below freezing in January. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. Associates. What is the hottest temperature ever recorded in Iran? . The invasion of Iraq began in March 2003. If multiple reports are present, the most severe code is shown. All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus. The diurnal temperatures range in summer is considerable. The hourly reported cloud coverage, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds. A 2007 Air Force Weather Agency report on Iraqs summer weather also marks the record at 124 degrees, with mean highs for July and August at 110 degrees. The hottest time of year in Baghdad, Iraq is normally August. The Iraqi capital was the hottest city on the planet Friday with the mercury hitting an unbearable 120 degrees Fahrenheit, according to The Weather Channel. A massive ridge of high pressure aloft (bulge in the jet stream) was centered right over Iraq, Iran and Kuwait. The people who are experiencing these temperatures are rarely in a white ventilated box suspended 5 feet in the air not over asphalt or concrete. All that said. I sometimes even hear about ridiculously high temperatures in Iraq on the news. This report graphically illustrates the historical weather reports recorded by the weather station at Kirkuk Air Base in 2003. The daily range of reported temperatures (gray bars) and 24-hour highs (red ticks) and lows (blue ticks), placed over the daily average high (faint red line) and low (faint blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. ", "Weather Data: Finland, Kittila Pokka, 1999, January", "Wetterextreme (Temperaturspanne von bis zu 146,5C)", "Record di freddo in Italia: -49.6C sulle Pale di San Martino", "Terras da Beira "Reveillon" portugus sem chuva, mas a bater o dente de frio", "El rcord de fro de -34 C no ser reconocido por la agencia de meteorologa", " | | ", "WMO Region IV (North America): Lowest Temperature", "Bajo cero! The highest-known heat index 178 degrees (81 Celcius) was recorded in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, on July 8, 2003. Death Valley, California, (at Furnace Creek Ranch) holds the current high temperature for the world, with a whopping 134.1 degrees Fahrenheit (56.7 degrees Celsius). Iraq has a semi-arid climate and a very breathtaking and diverse terrain where the desert, valleys, highlands, and plains meet, making the country home to unique plant species that thrive under high temperatures. Lowest temperature: -23.1 C in Odense, 5 February 2012. The Integrated Surface Database (ISD), maintained and published by NOAA's National Center for Environmental Information , consists of hourly and synoptic weather reports from a variety of sources. Past Weather in Baghdad, Iraq Yesterday and Last 2 Weeks. If were using personal experience of heat as a measure, Id say the civilian covered in white phosphorous has you beat. NOAA's National Center for Environmental Information. The average high temperature at both Mitribah, Kuwait, and Basrah, Iraq, is 115 degrees. Also, a temperature of 53.0C . Associates (All rights reserved). The temperatures might drop to a mere 110 in the evening. [4] The following lists include all officially confirmed claims measured by those methods. A world map showing areas with Kppen Bh (hot, dry climates). We had thermometers in the building we were living out of and it was typically about 90-95 in the air-conditioned building. And it's only the beginning of the summer in Iraq. ''As it gets hotter, I suspect it will go up some,'' he said. The countrywide record for all-time highest temperature is 53.8 C (129 F) set in Basra, Iraq, on July 22, 2016. That's in the sun, around midday. Please select a meteorological station. In the Iraq war 2003, the five major countries, who participated were United States, Poland, Australia, Denmark and Britain. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. This nation-wide website presents information about the weather and climate for almost every country around the world. I find it interesting how many people are quoting the internet and various other sources about how others are wrong. High temperatures on Monday soared above 122 F (50 C) across portions of Iraq . The transitions to and from daylight saving time are indicated by the 'DST' labels. Griffin spoke to ABCNEWS in the relative cool of the evening, it read 124 degrees. T Z. var str = window.location.href; In the Iraq war 2003, the five major countries, who participated were United States, Poland, Australia, Denmark and Britain. [7], Satellite measurements of ground temperature taken between 2003 and 2009, taken with the MODIS infrared spectroradiometer on the Aqua satellite, found a maximum temperature of 70.7C (159.3F), which was recorded in 2005 in the Lut Desert, Iran. "Even when we're sitting around it feels like a hairdryer is blowing on us," says his radio man. Any thoughts on the discrepency? His men haven't been attacked since the war. Iraq - The highest temperature ever recorded: 53.9 C (129.0 F) . Highest precipitation sum: 135.4 mm in Greater Copenhagen, 2 July 2011. Does it sometimes reach 115 or even approach 120, yes, but it has never been 130 or even close to it. In Iraq, it is usual to have about 3.9 degrees more at 13.7 C for this three-month period. Iraq's state-run Meteorological Department said on Saturday that it had registered the hottest day so far this year, with maximum temperatures hitting 53.9 degrees Celsius (129.02 Fahrenheit) in the southern city of Basra. A disputed record temperature of 42.9C (109.2F) was measured on 24 July 2019 in, On 16 January 1889, a temperature of 53C (128F) was recorded at, According to Christopher Burt, South America's hottest reliably measured temperature is 47.3C (117.1F) at. The current pattern in the upper atmosphere is conducive to even more heat. its is unlike anything I have ever experienced. Indication of what types of reports were recorded during each hour. The heat wave is expected to last at least until Monday. What are the physical state of oxygen at room temperature? (MORE: All-Time Temperature Records for Eastern Hemisphere in Kuwait and Iraq) Weather Underground said Ahvaz hit 129.2 degrees Thursday . ", "Second National Communication on Climate Change", " ", "TEMPERATURE REGIME IN SERBIA, Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia", "Historical Extremes: Review of historical extremes (extreme values) of selected meteorological elements at the territory of Slovak republic", "V Cerkljah ob Krki namerili rekordnih 40,8 stopinje Celzija", "14 de agosto de 2021,se bati el rcord de temperatura ms alta registrada en Espaa", "UK heatwave sees temperatures above 40C for first time", "Sixteen National/Territorial All-Time Extreme Heat Records Set in 2015", "Normal Daily Temperature: TEMPERATURE AT V.C. A 2007 Air Force Weather Agency report on Iraqs summer weather also marks the record at 124 degrees, with mean highs for July and August at 110 degrees. Heat index takes into account the humidity, environment and type of work being performed. Heat index takes into account the humidity, environment and type of work being performed. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". In hot temperatures, the Army typically allots at least 6.5 gallons per person each day, including enough for a ''helmet bath.'' The heat also affects equipment and fuel stores, with much more . We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. The highest-known . Baghdad: Iraq's state-run Meteorological Department said on Saturday that it had registered the hottest day so far this year, with maximum temperatures hitting 53.9 degree Celsius in the . B The temperature recorded by our car exceeded 50 C a few times (that translates to > 122 F). Weather data for: Iraq . BABYLON, Iraq, June 21, 2003 — -- The arrival of the Iraqi summer brings another potentially deadly danger to the estimated 145,000 troops in the country: the heat. Since May 1, when President Bush declared the war to be officially over, about 53 American soldiers have been killed, though many of those deaths have been due to accidents, not hostile fire. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". The average high temperature at both Mitribah, Kuwait, and Basrah, Iraq, is 115 degrees. Airport weather stations throughout the world routinely issue METAR weather reports . Meteorologists encounter weather records all of the time. Whole year UV Index table for Iraq Water Temperature in localities in Iraq Weather phenomena recorded in previous years in Iraq Long-term 30 day weather forecast for Iraq Iraq month-by-month travel guide to weather conditions and best times to visit. [17], Most intense (by minimum surface air pressure). Light rain. Nobody is trying to argue that people on service in Iraq arent regularly exposed to temperatures of 140F or even hotter, but that has no bearing on the record temperature, which has to be recorded under standard conditions. By region, the hottest temperatures ever recorded are: Africa: 131 F (Tunisia, 1931) Asia: 129 F (Iran 2017) Europe: 119.8 F (Italy 2021) Antarctica 69.3 F (Seymour Island 2020) Extreme heat waves . The highest peak of Iraq is Cheekha Dar, 3,611 meters (11,847 feet) high, on the border with Iran. but beware, some countries may just be a little too warm fo. The coldest winter (January to March) was in 1949 with an average temperature of 9.7 C. See more current weather. The desert valley reached highs of 56.7C in the summer of 1913, which would apparently push the . Effective measures are needed to ensure adequate Occupational Safety and Health for workers during extreme heat in Iraq. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight. The heat is even a problem for the medics. You can drill down from year to month and even day level reports by clicking on the graphs. The daily range of reported wind speeds (gray bars), with maximum gust speeds (red ticks). Iraq has a hot, dry climate characterized by long, hot, dry summers and short, cool winters. The 2003 invasion of Iraq [b] was a United States -led invasion of the Republic of Iraq and the first stage of the Iraq War. DST Changes. [5] In recent years[when?] . 1892 . var year = today.getFullYear() We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. WeatherSpark.com. Time Zone. M During the summer, they have some of the hottest weather in the world. Temperatures in July and August, on average, go up another 10 to 15 degrees. Take control of your data. The hot spell in Iraq could significantly slow activities involving heavy labor under military rules. This is the only area of Iraq which receives . People can become dangerously dehydrated in the desert without knowing it, partly because thirst does not develop until the body is below its ideal hydration threshold, according to military field manuals.

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